Social southern right whales

Southern right whales congregate in South African breeding grounds to mate and calve during the winter. During this time these whales are often very active and will put on displays such as breaching, lobtailing and spyhopping. They also spend a lot of time interacting with each other as well as with their environment (such as through rolling and surfing in the waves and playing with seaweed).

Southern right whale raising its head out of the water

Southern right whale carrying a piece of seaweed on top of its head

Southern right whale lobtiailing

The identifying v-shaped blow of the Southern right whale

Southern right whale close to shore

Humpback whales in South Africa

Humpback whales are found in all the major oceans and undertake some of the longest migrations of any animal in the world. South Africa is one such place that humpback whales migrate past, as they move seasonally between their southern ocean feeding grounds and their warm water breeding grounds. No matter how many humpback whales I see, I can never get enough. It's always exhilarating seeing these gentle giants leaping out of the water. Humpback whales are very well known for their aerial displays that includes breaching (as in the photographs below), spyhopping, lobtailing and pectoral fin slapping.

Humpback whale breach sequence

Humpback whale flukes

Rainblow!

Another fantastic breach!

My first brindle baby

Not all Southern right whales have a dark colouration. About 4% of calves are born with a 'brindle' pigmentation pattern. These brindle whales are almost completely white, with variable dark spots and a speckled black colour around the neck region. With such a small percentage of brindle whales in the population I was very excited to see my first brindle baby while whale watching in South Africa!

Brindle calf alongside a much darker adult

South African land birds

The variety and beauty of land birds in South Africa is astounding. Below is just a small sample of species I managed to photograph. My favourite would have to be the sunbirds with their stunning plumage. The orange-breasted sunbird is one fine example. This species is endemic to the fynbos shrubland of Southwestern South Africa. 

Orange-breasted sunbird

Malachite sunbird

Cape weaver

Cape weaver demonstrating how it got its name

Cape bulbul

Cape robin

Cape wagtail

Southern fiscal

Red-eyed dove

Rare dolphins in South Africa

After being in the Azores with an almost certain chance of sighting several dolphin species every day, it was quite different off the coast of South Africa where whale sightings are common but dolphins much rarer. A few different species can be seen off the South African coast, but encounters were low at least for the winter months that I spent off the Western Cape. This made it all the more special for crew and passengers alike when dolphins were encountered.

Indian Ocean humpback dolphins are resident and always present in key areas, but their critically endangered status and small group sizes in the shallows means that sightings were rare and treasured. Common dolphins were not commonly seen, despite their name, but this is a species I saw almost daily in the Azores. The Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins I saw in South Africa was a new species for my list. 

In total in the winter months I spent in South Africa we encountered Indian Ocean humpback dolphins 19 days, common dolphins 4 days and Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins 4 days. Below are a few photos I managed to snap of these slightly more rare encounters:

Indian Ocean humpback dolphins

Indian Ocean humpback dolphin

Common dolphin

Common dolphins

Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin - not the best photo, but the best I have

Southern right whales breeding in South Africa

My 2019 whale watching season that I spent with Dyer Island Cruises coincided with the Southern right whale breeding season. Every year from about July to November large numbers of these whales congregate in mating and calving grounds such as along the southern tip of South Africa. After a gestation period of 12-13 months, a calf of 4-5 metres in length is born. While the adults are engaged in mating or calving they will be fasting and living off their fat reserves. By the end of the calving season, lactating mothers would have lost a third of their body weight. Therefore, for the remainder of the year, Southern right whales will head to more productive subantarctic waters to feed and regain their massive weight of up to 80 tonnes. Did you know that right whales have the largest testes in the world?! Each one can reach up to 500kg!